Spherical Storage Tanks
Spheres are typically used to store below ambient temperature liquids and pressurized gases such as ammonia
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Spheres are typically used to store below ambient temperature liquids and pressurized gases such as ammonia, propylene, LPG, butadiene, etc. Most (or many) spheres operate at low temperatures with -50°C (-58°F) as a lower limit. Gases are stored under pressure at a temperature lower than their liquefaction temperature.
The main advantage of the spherical construction is that the stress concentration in a spherical shape will be minimal while storing pressurized gases as the stress resistance will be uniform over the total surface. Another advantage is the reduced exterior surface for a given storage volume as compared to all other possible shapes.
Because of the cold storage temperatures and the often, high ambient temperatures and humidity outside the sphere, it is a key requirement to have a well designed and installed thermal insulation system in place to keep the temperature inside the sphere consistent.
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